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\u9871\u76f8\u5b78 \u5716\u6e90\uff1aWikipedia<\/p>\n
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\u54c8\u6d1b\u6c92\u6709\u8f15\u6613\u653e\u68c4\uff0c\u4ed6\u8a2d\u6cd5\u5fb5\u5f97\u4e86\u84cb\u5947\u5bb6\u4eba\u7684\u540c\u610f\u3002 1867 \u5e74\uff0c\u84cb\u5947\u7684\u907a\u9aa8\u88ab\u5f9e\u820a\u91d1\u5c71\u7684\u5b64\u5c71\u516c\u5893\u4e2d\u6316\u51fa\u3002\u5e36\u8457\u84cb\u5947\u7684\u9871\u9aa8\u548c\u90a3\u6839\u9435\u68d2\uff0c\u54c8\u6d1b\u958b\u555f\u4e86\u65b0\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n
1868 \u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u6d1b\u5728\u300a\u9ebb\u7701\u91ab\u5b78\u6703\u96dc\u5fd7\u300b\u767c\u8868\u4e00\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u3002\u9019\u662f\u4ed6\u7b2c\u4e8c\u6b21\u516c\u958b\u767c\u8868\u548c\u84cb\u5947\u75c5\u4f8b\u6709\u95dc\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\uff0c\u5176\u4e2d\u4e0d\u50c5\u5305\u542b\u4e86\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u75c5\u7a0b\u8a18\u9304\uff0c\u9084\u8a18\u9304\u4e86\u84cb\u5947\u5f8c\u4f86\u7684\u7d93\u6b77\u548c\u5bb6\u4eba\u7684\u53e3\u8ff0\u3002<\/p>\n
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\u54c8\u6d1b\u63cf\u8ff0\u7684\u9435\u68d2\u7a7f\u900f\u9871\u9aa8\u7684\u65b9\u5411 \u5716\u6e90\uff1aWikipedia<\/p>\n
\u5728\u9019\u7bc7\u6587\u7ae0\u4e2d\uff0c \u54c8\u6d1b\u8a8d\u70ba\u84cb\u5947\u7684\u8166\u640d\u50b7\u90e8\u4f4d\u4fb7\u9650\u5728\u5de6\u5074\u5927\u8166\u7684\u524d\u90e8\u548c\u4e2d\u90e8\u8166\u8449\uff0c\u53ef\u80fd\u7a7f\u900f\u5de6\u5074\u8166\u5ba4\u89d2 \u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u54c8\u6d1b\u7d50\u8ad6\u4e00\u76f4\u5099\u53d7\u8cea\u7591\uff0c\u56e0\u70ba\u4ed6\u7684\u63a8\u65b7\u53ea\u662f\u57fa\u65bc\u9871\u9aa8\u4e0a\u7684\u75d5\u8de1\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u771f\u6b63\u9032\u884c\u5c4d\u6aa2\u3002\u76f4\u5230 1873 \u5e74\uff0c\u4e00\u4f4d\u540d\u53eb\u5927\u885b\u00b7\u8cbb\u88e1\u723e\uff08David Ferrier\uff09\u535a\u58eb\u5728\u7334\u5b50\u8eab\u4e0a\u5be6\u9a57\uff0c\u91cd\u73fe\u4e86\u984d\u8449\u524d\u984d\u640d\u5bb3\uff0c\u4e26\u7d50\u5408\u54c8\u6d1b\u7684\u8ad6\u6587\u5ee3\u505a\u6f14\u8b1b\uff0c\u5b78\u754c\u9019\u624d\u9010\u6f38\u63a5\u53d7\u4e86 \u984d\u8449\u640d\u50b7\u53ef\u4ee5\u5c0e\u81f4\u4eba\u683c\u8b8a\u5316\u548c\u57f7\u884c\u529b\u4e0b\u964d\u7684\u89c0\u9ede \u3002<\/p>\n
\u6b64\u5f8c\uff0c\u54c8\u6d1b\u5c07\u84cb\u5947\u7684\u9871\u9aa8\u548c\u9435\u68d2\u6350\u7d66\u4e86\u54c8\u4f5b\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u6c83\u502b\u535a\u7269\u9928\uff0c \u70ba\u66f4\u591a\u597d\u5947\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u7559\u4e0b\u4e86\u4e00\u628a\u901a\u5f80\u904e\u53bb\u7684\u9470\u5319 \u3002<\/p>\n
\u5982\u4eca\uff0c\u84cb\u5947\u7684\u6545\u4e8b\u5df2\u7d93\u904e\u53bb\u4e86\u8fd1 200 \u5e74\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5c0d\u84cb\u5947\u6700\u8a73\u7d30\u7684\u77ad\u89e3\u4e3b\u8981\u90fd\u6e90\u81ea\u65bc\u54c8\u6d1b\u7559\u4e0b\u7684\u6587\u5b57\u3002<\/p>\n
\u56e0\u70ba\u7814\u7a76\u6c34\u5e73\u7684\u9650\u5236\uff0c\u54c8\u6d1b\u7684\u8a18\u9304\u6703\u4e0d\u6703\u5b58\u5728\u932f\u8aa4\u5462\uff1f \u70ba\u4e86\u5c0b\u6c42\u771f\u76f8\uff0c\u4e0d\u5c11\u7814\u7a76\u8005\u642d\u4e0a\u4e86\u795e\u7d93\u5f71\u50cf\u5b78\u7684\u9806\u98a8\u8eca\uff0c\u81f4\u529b\u65bc\u91cd\u5efa\u9435\u68d2\u7a7f\u904e\u84cb\u5947\u5927\u8166\u7684\u901a\u9053\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5176\u4e2d\u6700\u70ba\u8457\u540d\u7684\uff0c\u7576\u5c6c 1994 \u5e74\uff0c\u5357\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u751f\u7406\u5b78\u5bb6\u6f22\u5a1c\uff08Hanna Damasio\uff09\u548c\u5b89\u6771\u5c3c\u5967 \uff08Antonio Damasio\uff09\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4ed6\u5011\u5c0d\u84cb\u5947\u7684\u9aa8\u9032\u884c X \u5149\u6aa2\u67e5\uff0c\u7528\u73fe\u4ee3\u8a08\u7b97\u6a5f\u9032\u884c 3D \u91cd\u5efa\u4e86\u982d\u9aa8\u548c\u9435\u68d2\u901a\u904e\u7684\u8ecc\u8de1\u3002\u5f97\u51fa\u7d50\u8ad6\u8a8d\u70ba\uff0c\u5927\u90e8\u5206\u640d\u5bb3\u96c6\u4e2d\u5728\u5de6\u5074\u548c\u53f3\u5074\u524d\u984d\u8449\u7684\u8179\u5074\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u4e26\u7d2f\u53ca\u300c\u793e\u4ea4\u8166\u300d \uff08\u7736\u984d\u8449\u76ae\u5c64\u7684\u524d\u534a\u90e8\u5206\uff0c\u4e2d\u984d\u8449\u7684\u9802\u90e8\u53ca\u524d\u90e8\u5340\u57df\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u524d\u6263\u5e36\u56de\uff0c\u4e0d\u5305\u62ec\u8f14\u52a9\u904b\u52d5\u76ae\u5c64\uff0c\u548c\u984d\u5cf6\u84cb\uff0c\u4e26\u4e14\u5de6\u534a\u7403\u7684\u76ae\u5c64\u4e0b\u767d\u8cea\u640d\u50b7\u6bd4\u53f3\u534a\u7403\u66f4\u5ee3\u6cdb\uff09 \u3002<\/p>\n
\u9019\u6a23\u7684\u640d\u50b7\u5c0e\u81f4\u4e86\u7406\u6027\u6c7a\u7b56\uff0c\u9053\u5fb7\u3001\u793e\u6703\u884c\u70ba\u548c\u60c5\u611f\u8655\u7406\u6642\u51fa\u73fe\u5dee\u932f\u3002 \u800c\u9019\u7bc7\u8ad6\u6587\u548c\u91cd\u5efa\u6a21\u578b\uff0c\u767b\u4e0a\u4e86 1994 \u5e74\u300a\u79d1\u5b78\u300b\u96dc\u5fd7\u7684\u5c01\u9762\u3002<\/p>\n
\u4f46\u7d50\u8ad6\u4f9d\u7136\u5b58\u5728\u722d\u8b70\u3002<\/p>\n
2004 \u5e74\uff0c\u54c8\u4f5b\u7684\u795e\u7d93\u89e3\u5256\u5b78\u5c08\u5bb6\u5011\u4f7f\u7528\u66f4\u5927\u529f\u7387\u7684\u96fb\u8166\u91cd\u5efa\u4e86\u9435\u68d2\u7684 3D \u8ecc\u8de1\uff0c\u8a8d\u70ba\u640d\u5bb3\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u5de6\u984d\u8449\uff0c\u4e26\u6c92\u6709\u8d8a\u904e\u4e2d\u7dda\u3002 \u4ed6\u5011\u9084\u901a\u904e\u9435\u592f\u63d2\u5165\u7684\u89d2\u5ea6\u548c\u84cb\u5947\u6c92\u6709\u53d7\u5230\u640d\u50b7\u7684\u984e\u9aa8\uff0c\u5224\u65b7\u51fa\u9435\u68d2\u8972\u4f86\u7684\u90a3\u4e00\u523b\uff0c\u84cb\u5947\u4e00\u5b9a\u6b63\u5728\u5f35\u5634\u8aaa\u8a71\u3002<\/p>\n
2012 \u5e74\uff0c\u52a0\u5dde\u5927\u5b78\u6d1b\u6749\u78ef\u5206\u6821\u795e\u7d93\u5f71\u50cf\u5be6\u9a57\u5ba4\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u91cd\u65b0\u5206\u6790\u4e86\u524d\u4eba\u7684\u7814\u7a76\u5716\u50cf\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528 MRI \u548c\u64f4\u6563\u6210\u50cf\u6578\u64da\u4f86\u63a8\u65b7\u8166\u640d\u50b7\u3002 \u8a8d\u70ba\u76ae\u8cea\u640d\u50b7\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u5de6\u8166\u534a\u7403\uff0c\u800c\u767d\u8cea\u640d\u50b7\u5247\u767c\u751f\u5728\u534a\u7403\u5167\u548c\u534a\u7403\u9593\uff08\u7d2f\u53ca\u5169\u500b\u534a\u7403\uff09 \u3002\u640d\u5bb3\u50c5\u9650\u65bc\u5de6\u5074\u984d\u8449\uff0c\u9664\u4e86 4\uff05 \u7684\u5927\u8166\u76ae\u5c64\uff0c\u9084\u6709 11\uff05 \u7684\u984d\u8449\u767d\u8cea\u3002\u767d\u8cea\u675f\u7684\u640d\u50b7\u5305\u62ec\u9264\u72c0\u675f\uff0c\u6263\u5e36\u675f\u548c\u4e0a\u7e31\u675f\u3002<\/p>\n
\u5716\u6e90\uff1a\u53c3\u8003\u6587\u737b 9<\/p>\n
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2009 \u5e74\uff0c\u4eba\u5011\u5076\u7136\u767c\u73fe\u4e86\u4e00\u5f35\u5f9e\u672a\u898b\u904e\u7684\u84cb\u5947\u7684\u9280\u7248\u76f8\u7247\u3002\u7167\u7247\u4e2d\uff0c\u5de6\u773c\u5931\u660e\u7684\u84cb\u5947\u624b\u63e1\u90a3\u6839\u9435\u68d2\uff0c\u8863\u8457\u8b1b\u7a76\uff0c\u795e\u60c5\u81ea\u82e5\uff0c\u751a\u81f3\u6709\u5e7e\u5206\u82f1\u4fca\u3002<\/p>\n
\u7167\u7247\u4e2d\u7684\u84cb\u5947\u624b\u63e1\u9435\u68d2 \u5716\u6e90\uff1aWikipedia<\/p>\n
\u90a3\u500b\u5728\u50b3\u8a00\u4e2d\u53ea\u6709\u300c\u5b69\u5b50\u7684\u667a\u529b\u300d\u548c\u300c\u5f37\u58ef\u7537\u4eba\u7684\u52d5\u7269\u6fc0\u60c5\u300d\u7684\u84cb\u5947\uff0c\u5728\u7167\u7247\u88e1\u986f\u7136\u8981\u66f4\u52a0\u5f9e\u5bb9\u93ae\u5b9a\u3002<\/p>\n
\u800c\u96a8\u8457\u66f4\u591a\u4e8b\u5be6\u67e5\u8b49\u7684\u63ed\u9732\uff0c\u7814\u7a76\u4eba\u54e1\u767c\u73fe\u84cb\u5947\u66fe\u5728\u667a\u5229\u505a\u4e86 7 \u5e74\u99ac\u8eca\u8eca\u592b\u3002\u9023\u9435\u8def\u5de5\u4eba\u90fd\u505a\u4e0d\u4e86\u7684\u84cb\u5947\uff0c\u7a76\u7adf\u5982\u4f55\u52dd\u4efb\u4e86\u8eca\u592b\u9019\u6a23\u7d30\u81f4\u7684\u5de5\u4f5c\u5462\uff1f<\/p>\n
\u9577\u4e45\u4ee5\u4f86\uff0c\u795e\u7d93\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u666e\u904d\u8a8d\u70ba\u795e\u7d93\u5143\u4e00\u65e6\u6b7b\u4ea1\u4e0d\u53ef\u518d\u751f\uff0c\u56e0\u6b64\uff0c\u6210\u5e74\u8166\u640d\u50b7\u9020\u6210\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u7f3a\u9677\u4e5f\u662f\u4e0d\u53ef\u9006\u7684\u3002\u4f46 20 \u4e16\u7d00\u672b\uff0c\u79d1\u5b78\u5bb6\u5011\u537b\u9010\u6f38\u767c\u73fe\u6210\u5e74\u4eba\u7684\u5927\u8166\u53ef\u4ee5\u91cd\u65b0\u5b78\u7fd2\u67d0\u4e9b\u5931\u53bb\u7684\u529f\u80fd\uff0c\u4e5f\u5c31\u662f\u795e\u7d93\u53ef\u5851\u6027\uff08Neuroplasticity\uff09\u3002<\/p>\n
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